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Macrocystis
''Macrocystis'' is a genus of kelp (large brown algae). This genus contains the largest of all the phaeophyceae or brown algae. ''Macrocystis'' has pneumatocysts at the base of its blades. Sporophytes are perennial, and individual stipes may persist for many years. The genus is found widely in subtropical and temperate oceans of the Southern Hemisphere, and in the northeast Pacific from Baja California to Sitka, Alaska. ''Macrocystis'' is a major component of kelp forests.
One species, ''Macrocystis pyrifera'', under this genus, has the fastest linear growth of any organism on earth.〔Fenner, Bob (''The Brown Algae'' )〕
==Description==
''Macrocystis'' is a genus of kelp, some species of which are so huge that the thallus may grow to up to 60 m (200 ft).〔C. van den Hoek, D.G. Mann and H.M. Jahns (1995) ''(Algae An Introduction to Phycology )''. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 0-521-30419-9〕 The stipes arise from a holdfast and branch three or four times from near the base. Blades develop at irregular intervals along the stipe.〔Mondragon, Jennifer and Mondragon, Jeff (2003) ''Seaweeds of the Pacific Coast.'' Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. ISBN 0-930118-29-4〕〔I.A. Abbott and G.J. Hollenberg (1976) ''Marine Algae of California.'' Stanford University Press, California. ISBN 0-8047-0867-3〕 ''M. pyrifera'' grows to over 45 m (150 ft) long.〔〔A.B. Cribb (1953) (''Macrocystis pyrifera'' (L.) Ag. in Tasmanian waters ) Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, Vol 5, issue 1.〕
The stipes are unbranched and each blade has a gas bladder at its base.〔Kain, J M (1991) ''Culivation of attached seaweeds'' in Guiry, M D and Blunden, G (1991) ''Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential.'' John Wiley and Sons.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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